NATIONAL INSURANCE GUIDE

FDIC Deposit Insurance

🏦 FDIC Deposit Insurance – What It Covers and Why It Matters

💡 What Is FDIC Insurance?

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is an independent U.S. government agency that protects depositors’ money in case of a bank failure.

FDIC insurance guarantees that if a member bank fails, depositors will get their money back – up to the coverage limits.

🛡️ Standard Insurance Amount:

$250,000 per depositor, per insured bank, for each account ownership category

🧾 What Types of Accounts Are Covered?

FDIC insurance only covers deposit accounts at FDIC-member banks. These include:

✅ Checking accounts
✅ Savings accounts
✅ Money market deposit accounts (MMDAs)
✅ Certificates of Deposit (CDs)
✅ Negotiable Order of Withdrawal (NOW) accounts

🔒 Your funds are protected regardless of the bank’s financial condition, as long as the account qualifies and the institution is FDIC insured.

🚫 What Isn’t Covered?

FDIC insurance does not protect:

❌ Stocks, bonds, or mutual funds
❌ Crypto or digital assets
❌ Life insurance policies and annuities
❌ Municipal securities
❌ Safe deposit box contents
❌ U.S. Treasury securities (covered separately by the U.S. government)

Even if you purchase these through a bank, they are investment products, not deposits.

📊 Coverage Limits – Explained

The $250,000 limit applies per depositor, per insured bank, per ownership category.

Examples:

Scenario	Coverage
You have $250,000 in a savings account and $250,000 in a CD at the same bank, both under your name	✅ Fully insured – different accounts but same ownership, total $250,000 covered
You have $250,000 in your name and $250,000 in a joint account with your spouse at the same bank	✅ Fully insured – each person gets up to $250,000 in a joint account
You have $500,000 in one individual account at one bank	⚠️ Only $250,000 is insured – rest is at risk if the bank fails

To increase FDIC protection, customers often spread funds across different banks or ownership types (e.g., trusts, retirement accounts).

🏛️ How FDIC Insurance Works During a Bank Failure

If an FDIC-insured bank fails:

The FDIC steps in immediately.
Customers usually receive access to insured deposits within 1–3 business days.
Payments are made by:
- Providing access to deposits at a new FDIC-insured institution
- Issuing checks or wire transfers

🧾 No need to apply – coverage is automatic and free when you open a deposit account at an FDIC-member bank.

✅ Why It Matters for Consumers and the Economy

FDIC insurance helps maintain public trust in the U.S. banking system.

Key Benefits:

Peace of mind for individuals and businesses
Prevents bank runs during times of crisis
Stabilizes the financial system
Encourages saving in regulated, insured institutions

🏢 Which Banks Are FDIC-Insured? A Comprehensive Overview for American Bankers (2025)

Introduction to FDIC Insurance

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is an independent agency of the United States government created by the Banking Act of 1933 during the Great Depression. Its primary purpose is to promote public confidence in the U.S. financial system by insuring deposits at participating banks and savings institutions against bank failures.

Today, FDIC insurance protects depositors up to at least $250,000 per depositor, per ownership category, at each insured institution. This insurance is backed by the “full faith and credit” of the U.S. government, providing a critical safety net for depositors.

What Types of Institutions are FDIC-Insured?

FDIC insurance covers deposits in nearly 4,421 institutions nationwide as of Q2 2025, including:

Commercial banks
Savings banks (thrift institutions)
Savings and loan associations

Institutions must be officially designated as FDIC members to offer insured deposit accounts. However, credit unions are not FDIC-insured; they are insured by the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA).

Insured Deposits and Coverage Limits

Deposits covered typically include:

Checking accounts (including negotiable order of withdrawal or NOW accounts)
Savings accounts
Money market deposit accounts (MMDAs)
Certificates of deposit (CDs)
Official items such as cashier’s checks and money orders drawn on insured banks
Accounts denominated in foreign currencies held at insured institutions

The standard insurance amount is $250,000 per depositor, per FDIC-insured bank, per ownership category. This means that individuals can be insured for higher amounts if they hold accounts under different ownership categories (e.g., individual accounts, joint accounts, retirement accounts) at the same bank.

How FDIC Insurance Works in Practice

Single Bank vs. Multiple Banks: Each FDIC-insured bank is insured separately. Deposits at different banks are insured separately, but all branches of the same bank are considered one institution for insurance purposes.
Internet Banks: An internet bank that is part of a brick-and-mortar FDIC member bank is not considered a separate bank, even if it operates under a different name.
Business Accounts: Business deposits are eligible for FDIC insurance similar to individual accounts but only if the business was not established solely to increase deposit insurance.

Importance for Bankers and Financial Institutions

Risk Mitigation: FDIC insurance serves as a key protective tool that reduces bank runs by assuring customers their deposits are backed by federal insurance.
Regulatory Compliance: Eligibility for FDIC insurance requires banks to meet regulatory standards, maintain capital adequacy, and ensure financial soundness.
Consumer Confidence: Highlighting FDIC insurance status is critical in marketing and customer engagement, reassuring depositors of the safety of their funds.
Reporting: The FDIC also supervises and examines member institutions for safety and soundness and provides quarterly performance and condition reports, including the Deposit Insurance Fund status (which was approximately $145.3 billion in Q2 2025).

Key Considerations and Caveats

Non-Deposit Financial Products: FDIC insurance does NOT cover investment products such as mutual funds, annuities, or stocks and bonds, even if purchased from an insured bank.
FinTech and Third Parties: Deposits held with non-bank financial technology companies are not directly FDIC insured, though some may be placed into FDIC member banks. Depositors should understand the scope of coverage.
Exceeding Limits: Depositors with balances exceeding $250,000 or those requiring complex ownership structuring should carefully review their account titling and seek advice on how to maximize insurance coverage.
Depositors Who are Non-US Citizens: FDIC insurance coverage extends to non-US citizens on deposits held in the domestic offices of FDIC-insured banks.

Where to Find a List of FDIC-Insured Banks

The FDIC maintains an up-to-date directory of all FDIC-insured institutions, including their branch offices and financial data. This tool, known as the Summary of Deposits (SOD), is publicly available on the FDIC website and is useful for bankers conducting market share analyses or deposit growth studies.

Website: https://www.fdic.gov
Summary of Deposits database: https://www.fdic.gov/resources/bankers/summary-of-deposits/

Conclusion

Understanding which banks are FDIC-insured—and subsequently, which accounts and deposits are protected—is essential for bankers advising clients, managing deposit portfolios, and ensuring regulatory compliance. The FDIC remains a cornerstone of the U.S. banking system’s stability, and its insurance program a pillar of depositor protection.

📝 Summary

FDIC insurance is a cornerstone of financial security in the United States, ensuring depositors don’t lose their savings when banks fail. Understanding your coverage limits – and how to structure your accounts – can help maximize protection and mitigate risk.

If you hold more than $250,000 in any bank, speak to a financial advisor or banker about structuring funds across categories and institutions.

Bank-Owned Life Insurance – Bank-Owned Life Insurance

Financial Institution Bonds – Financial Institution Bonds

Force-Placed Insurance – Force-Placed Insurance

Credit Disability Insurance – Credit Disability Insurance

Irrevocable Life Insurance Trusts – Irrevocable Life Insurance Trusts

Private Mortgage Insurance and MIP – Private Mortgage Insurance and MIP